Background
Learning Mastery is an educational model, developed by Scott LeDuc, where students
learn based on the philosophy that learning-by-doing inspires intrinsic motivation
within the students. The primary goal of this model is to provide students with
a basis to be life-long learners (Noble, Fiely, & LeDuc, 2001, p. 19). This
model also promotes the use of independent research skills. Students are encouraged
to solve their own problems by seeking reliable resources. According to Harris,
"developing and using higher-order information-processing skills…will
be among the keys to successful learning and teaching in the future" (Harris,
1998, p. 61)
Teacher Role
The teacher's role in this model is that of a guide, but the degree to which
the teacher is involved varies within each level. Students are encouraged to
solve their own problems or seek assistance from more advanced students (Noble,
et al., 2001). At the most basic level, the teacher is helping the students
to develop investigation skills. "If students know clearly how they will
use the information they eventually locate, their chances for purposeful searching,
rather than aimless surfing, increase" (Harris, 1998, p. 66). In the learning
mastery model, this is accomplished through lectures, demonstrations, and hands-on
activities.
The intermediate level brings a lessoned degree of teacher involvement; the
teacher is helping the students to identify good learning resources. "The
skills of searching for and critically analyzing information across the curriculum
are particularly important for science teachers as a way to develop inductive
thinking process for drawing generalizations from data" (Peterson, &
Koeck, 2001, P. 13).
At the advanced level, the teacher is supporting the students in good lesson
plan development (Noble, et al., 2001, p. 19). This includes information on
how to appropriately organize lessons and how to create effective presentations.
Structure
Mastery Learning is based on a leveled pyramid that explains what the students
are learning at each level. At the lowest level, the students are learning an
array of basic skill concepts (LeDuc, 2001). In relating our project to this
level, the students would be learning how to create a WebQuest and the material
specific to the WebQuest (for example, the water cycle). This includes learning
the research skills necessary to create an effective WebQuest.
At level 2 of the pyramid, the students are to focus on mastering one of the
concepts previously learned. The students are engaged in self-directed learning
and assessment of the skill they are developing (LeDuc, 2001). This level is
slightly modified to fit the needs of our project. Instead of the students mastering
one concept, the students will need to master the skills for developing a WebQuest
as well as the material being covered in the WebQuest-at least to a certain
degree. Included in this level are the skills to effectively identify resources
that are reliable and appropriate for younger students.
Level 3 is where the students become assistants in the learning process and
teach the mastered concepts to the younger students (LeDuc, 2001). At this level,
the high school students would be creating a WebQuest and presenting it in a
clear manner to students online. Special attention should be given to the organization
of the WebQuest and that it is presented in a way that is understandable to
younger students.
Conclusion
"Knowledge is a result of the process of knowing, which can only occur
as the learner uses information in the process of actively constructing what
he or she knows. Knowledge results when an individual personally transforms
information" (Harris, 1998 p. 58). Learning mastery allows students to
achieve this through the leveled process that guides the students to learn effective
research skills, how to identify a good resource, and presentation skills. Related
to our project, this process also presents students with an opportunity to gain
experience in teaching science to an audience.
Works Cited
Harris, J. (1998). Visual Architecture: designing and directing computer-
based telecomputing. Eugene, OR: ISTE.
LeDuc, S. (2001). Mastery learning. Available: http://www.learningmastery.org.
Noble, L, Fiely, J, & LeDuc, S. (2001). Learning mastery:
students
teaching students. Learning and Leading with Technology, 29 (1), 18-21.
Peterson, C. L. & Koeck, D. C. (2001). When students create
their own WebQuests.
Learning and Leading with Technology, 29 (1), 10-15.